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Your Position: Home > Solutions for Herpesviruses Vaccine Development
Herpesvirus Vaccines Development

Herpesviruses Research
Antigen Protein
Antibody
ELISA Kit
FAQ

Solutions for Herpesviruses Vaccines Development

Background

Human herpesviruses are distributed worldwide, and more than 90% of adults are infected by one or multiple HHVs. The HHV family contains three sub-families: the alpha sub-family [herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, and varicella-zoster virus (VZV)], beta sub-family [human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), HHV6, and HHV7)], and gamma sub-family [Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV)]. All the viruses typically establish latent infection in host, and undergo lytic reactivation in certain pathophysiological conditions[1], which has brought serious burden to human health. Therefore, it is urgent to develop effective prevention and treatment drugs against human herpesvirus. Learn more about ACROBiosystems' Solutions for Herpesviruses Vaccines Development and explore high-quality tools for your herpes vaccine development!

VZV

VZV

HSV

HSV

EBV

EBV

HCMV

HCMV

Lipid envelope
Glycoprotein
spikes
Nucleocapsid
Dounle-stranded
DNA genome
Tegument
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)highly contagious enveloped DNA virus that is common in children. The initial infection causes chickenpox in children, and the virus remains latent in the body after recovery. In a few patients, the virus recurs in adults and causes herpes zoster.
VZV virus contains six glycoproteins, gE, gB, gH, gI, gC and gL.  In infected cells, gE is the most abundant protein expressed by VZV and plays an important role in viral replication and cell-to-cell transmission. As a recognizable antigen, gE becomes a target for vaccine research.

>>> Hot Products: Glycoprotein E

Millions of people worldwide are exposed to herpes simplex virus(HSV) annually. Post-exposure, the virus may remain asymptomatic or cause mild to life threatening complications. HSV can be broadly divided into two serotypes: HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 and HSV-2 belong to the alpha-herpesvirus subfamily, which generally has a short replicative cycle and is capable of infecting broad range of hosts.
Mature HSV is covered by an envelope that expresses at least 12 different glycoproteins: gB, gC, gD, gE, gG, gH, gI, gJ, gK, gL, gM, and gN on their surface, in distinct shapes and sizes. Some exist as heterodimers (gH/gL and gE/gI), while most exist as monomers.
Viruses attach to cell surface receptors heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPGs) of the host via viral glycoproteins gB and/or gC. Glycoproteins gD, gH/gL, and gB bind to cell membrane receptors that subsequently trigger membrane fusion. Cell membrane receptors using gD, gH/gL, and gB glycoproteins triggers direct membrane fusion. As such, Glycoprotein gD is a common target of host cellular humoral and cellular immunity, as such, remains an important target for vaccine design.

>>> Hot Products: gH&gL , Glycoprotein C (HSV-2), Glycoprotein D (HSV-1), Glycoprotein D (HSV-2), Glycoprotein E (HSV-2), post-gB

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous member of the γ-herpesvirus subfamily, which establishes lifelong latency in 95% of the human population. EBV infections during childhood and adolescence are usually asymptomatic but may cause infectious mononucleosis (IM). As an oncogenic virus, EBV is associated with approximately 200,000 new cases of malignancies and causes 140,000 deaths each year worldwide. However, effective vaccines and therapeutics against EBV infection remain unavailable.
EBV enters epithelial cells at the plasma membrane, but endocytosis is needed for B cell infection. B cell entry is initiated by gp350/gp220 binding to the complement receptor-2 (CR2) or to CR1, and then gHgL/gp42 binds to HLA-II to trigger pre-fusion gB. During entry into epithelial cells, BMRF2 binds to integrins and then gHgL binds to EphA2 to activate pre-fusion gB. Glycoprotein B (gB) is the primary fusogen essential for EBV entry into host cells. gH/gL and gB proteins coordinate to mediate EBV fusion and entry into B cells and epithelial cells, suggesting that inoculation with these proteins may trigger antibodies that prevent EBV infection.

>>> Hot Products: gp350, Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L (EBV), Glycoprotein B (EBV)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, the most common cause of congenital disease globally, affecting an estimated 1 million newborns annually, can result in lifelong sequelae in infants, such as sensorineural hearing loss and brain damage. Hence, an effective HCMV vaccine is urgently needed to prevent infection and HCMV-associated diseases.
HCMV infection causes persistent, life-long infection in broad types of host cells mediated by four major envelope glycoprotein complexes (GCs): glycoprotein B (gB) oligomer, gM/gN dimer, gH/gL/gO trimer, and gH/gL/UL128/UL130/UL131A pentamer complex (PC) through distinct entry mechanisms. gB is essential for HCMV viral fusion and is required for entry into all permissive cell types and for cell-to-cell spread, has been identified as one of the major vaccine targets due to its ability to elicit both NAb and non-NAb responses. HCMV gH/gL/gO trimer was demonstrated to promote gB fusion on all cell types. Hence, gH/gL/gO trimer is a potential target for HCMV vaccine and potentially preventing HCMV from escaping current clinically tested vaccine-elicited NAbs.

>>> Hot Products: Glycoprotein B / gB, gH&gL&gO:

Multimeric Structural Antigen Designed based Native Conformation

Advantages of products

Diverse Options: Various herpesvirus antigens are available, including gB, gC, gD, gE, gH & gL, gH & gL & gO, etc.

Natural Conformation: Eukaryotic HEK293 cells express proteins & natural conformation designed proteins.

High Homogeneity: The antigen proteins exhibit high homogeneity verified by SEC-MALS.

Validation data
Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)
Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (VZV)

Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (VZV)
The purity of Varicella zoster virus (strain Oka vaccine) gH&gL Protein, Twin-Strep Tag&His Tag (Cat. No. GHL-V5283) is more than 90% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 105-135 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

Glycoprotein I & Glycoprotein E/gI & gE (VZV)

Glycoprotein I & Glycoprotein E/gI & gE (VZV)
The purity of Varicella zoster virus (strain Oka vaccine) gI&gE Protein, His Tag&Twin-Strep Tag (Cat. No. GIE-V5283) was greater than 85% as determined by SEC-HPLC.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Glycoprotein C/gC (HSV)

Glycoprotein C/gC (HSV)
The purity of HSV-2 (strain 333) Envelope Glycoprotein C (gC), His Tag (Cat. No. GLC-V52H3) is more than 90% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 45-60 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (HSV)

Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (HSV)
The purity of HSV-1 (strain 17) gH&gL Protein, Twin-Strep Tag&His Tag (Cat. No. GHL-H5283) is more than 85% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 130-160 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (EBV)

Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (EBV)
The purity of Epstein-Barr virus Glycoprotein H&Glycoprotein L Heterodimer Protein, Twin-Strep&His Tag (Cat. No. GHL-E5283) is more than 90% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 100-125kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

Glycoprotein B/gB (EBV)

Glycoprotein B/gB (EBV)
The purity of Epstein-Barr virus Envelope Glycoprotein B (gB), His Tag (Cat. No. GLB-E52H3) is more than 85% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 275-305 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (HCMV)

Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (HCMV)
The purity of HHV-5 (strain AD169) Glycoprotein H&L, His Tag (Cat. No. GHL-H5243) is more than 90% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 210-250 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

Glycoprotein B/gB (HCMV)

Glycoprotein B/gB (HCMV)
The purity of HCMV (strain AD169) Glycoprotein B (gB), His Tag (Cat. No. CMB-V52H4) is more than 95% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 308-376 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.

Swipe to see the full product list

Products List
Product TypeVirusMoleculeCat. No.Product Description
AntigenVZVGlycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (VZV)GHL-V5283Varicella zoster virus (strain Oka vaccine) gH&gL Protein, Twin-Strep Tag&His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein I & Glycoprotein E/gI & gE (VZV)GIE-V5283Varicella zoster virus (strain Oka vaccine) gI&gE Protein, His Tag&Twin-Strep Tag (HPLC-verified)
Glycoprotein E/gE (VZV)GLE-V52H3Varicella zoster virus (strain Oka vaccine) Envelope Glycoprotein E (gE), His Tag (MALS verified)
HSVGlycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (HSV)GHL-H5283HSV-1 (strain 17) gH&gL Protein, Twin-Strep Tag&His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein B/gB (HSV)GLB-H52H3HSV-2 (strain 333) Glycoprotein B (gB), His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein C/gC (HSV)GLC-V52H3HSV-2 (strain 333) Envelope Glycoprotein C (gC), His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein D/gD (HSV)GLD-V52H3HSV-1 (strain 17) Envelope Glycoprotein D (gD), His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein D/gD (HSV)GLD-V52H4HSV-2 (strain 333) Envelope Glycoprotein D (gD), His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein E/gE (HSV)GLE-H52H4HSV-2 (HG52) Glycoprotein E Protein, His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein B/gB (HSV)POB-V52H3HSV-1 (strain KOS) post-gB Protein, His Tag (MALS verified)
EBVGlycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (EBV)GHL-E5283Epstein-Barr virus Glycoprotein H&Glycoprotein L Heterodimer Protein, Twin-Strep&His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein B/gB (EBV)GLB-E52H3Epstein-Barr virus Envelope Glycoprotein B (gB), His Tag (MALS verified)
CMVGlycoprotein B/gB (HCMV)CMB-V5255HCMV Glycoprotein B (gB) Protein, Fc Tag
Glycoprotein B/gB (HCMV)CMB-V52H4HCMV (strain AD169) Glycoprotein B (gB), His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein B/gB (HCMV)CMB-V52H5HCMV (strain Merlin) Glycoprotein B (gB), His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L/gH & gL (HCMV)GHL-H5243HHV-5 (strain AD169) Glycoprotein H&L, His Tag (MALS verified)
Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L & Glycoprotein O/gH & gL & gO (HCMV)GLO-H5283HHV-5 (strain AD169) gH&gL&gO, Twin-Strep Tag&Tag Free&His Tag
Glycoprotein H & Glycoprotein L & Glycoprotein O/gH & gL & gO (HCMV)GLO-V5243Human cytomegalovirus (strain AD169) (HHV-5) Glycoprotein H&L&O, His Tag (MALS verified)

Herpesviruses Specific Antibodies

Advantages of products

High Sensitivity & Specificity: Antibodies exhibit both high sensitivity and specificity.

Recombinant Expression: Antibodies are produced via recombinant expression, offering good batch-to-batch stability.

Versatility: Suitable for detecting various herpesvirus antigen proteins or as an antibody standard.

Validation data
Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)
Anti-Glycoprotein E VZV Antibody (SPR)

Anti-Glycoprotein E VZV Antibody (SPR)
Anti-Glycoprotein E (VZV) Antibody, Human IgG1 (1B10) (Cat. No. VZV-M544) captured on Protein A Chip can bind Varicella zoster virus (strain Oka vaccine) Envelope Glycoprotein E (gE), His Tag (Cat. No. GLE-V52H3) with an affinity constant of 5.63 nM as determined in SPR assay (Biacore 8K) (Routinely tested).

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Anti-gC-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody (ELISA)

Anti-gC-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody (ELISA)
Immobilized HSV-2 (strain 333) Envelope Glycoprotein C (gC), His Tag (MALS verified) (Cat. No. GLC-V52H3) at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Monoclonal Anti-gC-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody, Mouse IgG1 (3A12) (Cat. No. HSV-Y184) with a linear range of 0.098-6.25 ng/mL (QC tested).

Products List
Product TypeVirusMoleculeCat. No.Product Description
AntibodyVZVGlycoprotein E/gE (VZV)VZV-BLM545Biotinylated Monoclonal Anti-Glycoprotein E (VZV) Antibody, Human IgG1 (4G2)
Glycoprotein E/gE (VZV)VZV-M544Anti-Glycoprotein E (VZV) Antibody, Human IgG1 (1B10) (MALS verified)
HSVGlycoprotein D/gD (HSV)GLD-M609Monoclonal Anti-HSV-2-Glycoprotein D Antibody, Human IgG1 (3H9)
Glycoprotein D/gD (HSV)GLD-Y111Monoclonal Glycoprotein D (HSV-2) Antibody, Mouse IgG1 (3H9)
Glycoprotein C/gC (HSV)HSV-Y184Monoclonal Anti-gC-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody, Mouse IgG1 (3A12)

ELISA Kit for Antigen Quantification and Immunogenicity Evaluation

Advantages of products

Antigen Quantification Assay Kit

High Sensitivity: The herpes virus antigen quantification assay kit has a maximum sensitivity of 78 pg/mL.

Wide Detection Range & Flexibility: Assay kits offer various detection ranges can meet the needs for various sample concentrations.

High Precision: The coefficient of variation (CV) for both intra-plate and inter-plate precision is ≤15%.

Antibody Titer Assay Kit

High Precision: The coefficient of variation (CV) for both intra-plate and inter-plate precision is ≤15%.

High Recovery Rate: The recovery rate for spiked samples is between 80% and 120%.

We offer kits for different species, including Human and Mouse, to meet the needs of immunological assessments in both preclinical and clinical stages.

Validation data
Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)
Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E (VZV gE) ELISA Kit

Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E (VZV gE) ELISA Kit
Detection of Monoclonal Glycoprotein E (VZV) titer by sandwich-ELISA Assay.  Immobilized Anti-Glycoprotein E (VZV) Antibody can bind Glycoprotein E (VZV). Detection was performed using Biotin-Anti-Glycoprotein E (VZV) Antibody with sensitivity of 78 pg/mL (QC tested).

Mouse Anti-Varicella Zoster Virus Antibody IgG Titer Serologic Assay Kit (gE)

Mouse Anti-Varicella Zoster Virus Antibody IgG Titer Serologic Assay Kit (gE)
For determination of antibody titer: the positive sample was diluted with a gradient, and the antibody titer of the sample corresponds to the highest dilution factor that still yields a positive reading.

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
ELISA- Anti-gC-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody Pair

ELISA- Anti-gC-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody Pair
The specific Anti-gC-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody pair (Clone:9A12/3A12) for the detection of HSV-2 (strain 333) Envelope Glycoprotein C (gC), His Tag (MALS verified) (Cat. No. GLC-V52H3), linear range of 1.56-0.024ng/mL. (sandwich ELISA)

Mouse Anti-Varicella Zoster Virus Antibody IgG Titer Serologic Assay Kit (gE)

Mouse Anti-Varicella Zoster Virus Antibody IgG Titer Serologic Assay Kit (gE)
For determination of antibody titer: the positive sample was diluted with a gradient, and the antibody titer of the sample corresponds to the highest dilution factor that still yields a positive reading.

Products List
Product TypeVirusMoleculeCat. No.Product Description
Antigen Quantification Assay KitVZVGlycoprotein E/gE (VZV)RAS-A102Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E (VZV gE) ELISA Kit
Glycoprotein E/gE (VZV)RAS-A185Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E (VZV gE) ELISA Kit (For Vaccine Development)
Antibody Titer Assay KitVZVGlycoprotein E/gE (VZV)RAS-T103Mouse Anti-Varicella Zoster Virus Antibody IgG Titer Serologic Assay Kit (gE)
Glycoprotein E/gE (VZV)RAS-T132Human Anti-Varicella Zoster Virus Antibody IgG Titer Serologic Assay Kit (gE)
HSVGlycoprotein C/gC (HSV)RAS-T197Mouse Anti-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody IgG Titer ELISA Assay Kit (gC)
Glycoprotein D/gD (HSV)RAS-T198Mouse Anti-HSV-2 (strain 333) Antibody IgG Titer ELISA Assay Kit (gD)
Frequently Asked Questions

Among the numerous HSV antigens (such as gH & gL, gC, gD, gE, gB, etc.), which one is best target for vaccine development?

gB, as the most conserved fusion glycoprotein, plays a crucial role in driving the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. gC and gB work synergistically to help concentrate viral particles on the surface of host cells. gD can specifically bind to host cells, while the gH/gL heterodimer can facilitate signaling, promoting the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. In selecting candidate vaccine targets, one can choose based on their specific research focus and the characteristics of the antigen proteins.

How can the stability of test kit results be ensured?

All commercially available test kits undergo methodological validation based on the 9012 Guidelines for Quantitative Analysis of Biological Samples to ensure the stability of the test results.

For antigen quantitative detection test kits, can custom standards be used to replace the standard provided in the kit for quantification?

Replacement is possible, but you will need to conduct methodological validation and explore the quantitative range using your own standards.

What are the key differences between the VZV gE protein antigen quantitative detection kits RAS-A185 and RAS-A102?

RAS-A185 and RAS-A102 kits differ in sensitivity and colorimetric methods. The RAS-A185 uses HRP-Anti-Glycoprotein E (VZV) antibody for direct color development, while RAS-A102 employs Biotin-Anti-Glycoprotein E (VZV) antibody plus Streptavidin-HRP for color development. Both can be used for quantitative detection of VZV gE protein, but RAS-A102 has higher sensitivity, allowing you to choose the appropriate kit based on protein expression levels.

Reference

  • [1] Lan, K., Luo, MH. Herpesviruses: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and interventions. Virol. Sin. 32, 347–348 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-017-4108-2

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